Sự hòa hợp giữa động từ và chủ ngữ

Sự hòa hợp giữa động từ và chủ ngữ (agreement between verb and subject)

1. Quy tắc chung:

- Subject (singular) --> Verb (singular)

Ví dụ: Mary gets up early.

- Subject (plural) --> Verb (plural)

Ví dụ: Mary and Daisy always get up early

2. Trường hợp đặc biệt :

● Subject 1 + and + Subject 2 --> Verb (plural) (Nếu S1 và S2 là 2 người hay 2 vật khác nhau)

Ví dụ: The secretary and the treasurer were present.

Oil and water do not mix.

● Subject 1 + and + Subject 2 --> Verb (singular) (Nếu S1 và S2 là cùng 1 người hay 1 vật)

Ví dụ: The singer and doctor is coming (Người ca sĩ kiêm bác sĩ đang đến)

Bacon and egg is my favorite dish.

● Many a + Noun (singular) + and + many a + Noun (singular) + Verb (singular)

Many a teacher and many a student has attended the lecture.

● Nobody / Somebody / Everybody / Everything + Verb (singular)

Nobody came the party.

Everything is ready.

● Subject 1 + of + Subject 2 + Verb --> Verb theo Subject 1

Ngoài "of" còn có like, with, along with, together with, in addition to, as well as, no less than, besides.

Ví dụ: The study of languages requires time.

The president, together with his advisors, is coming.

They, no less than Tom, were eager to start.

The manager, as well as his assistant, has arrived.

The number of students is 40.

● Either/ Neither/ Not only + Subject 1 + or/ nor/ but also + Subject 2 + Verb 

---> Verb theo Subject 2

Ví dụ: Either you or I am wrong.

Neither he nor his friends are able to come.

● Plural Noun of Time (thời gian), Measure (đo lường), Money (Tiền bạc), Distance (khoảng cách) ----> Verb (singular)

Twenty dollars is too much to pay for this book.

● All ----- referring to things --> Verb (singular)

All ----- referring to people ---> Verb (plural)

All is calm. (Mọi vật đều im lặng)

All are Vietnamese.

● None / The majority + of + Noun + Verb --> Verb tùy thuộc vào Noun sau giới từ.

Half of the money is stolen.

Half of the students are English.

None of the money is mine.

The majority of students speak English.

● Nouns plural in form (luôn có 's') but singular in meaning --> Verb (singular)

News, mumps, sickets, measles, mathematics, physics, phonetics, linguistics, politics, athletics...

The news is goods.

Mathematics is an important subject.

● Uncountable nouns always in singular --> Verb (singular)

Furniture, equipment, machinery, traffic, information, knowledge, money, advice, progress, luggage, homework, housework, merchandise...

There is much traffic during rush hours.

● A title of a book, story --> Verb (singular)

The name of a country, town, place --> Verb (singular)

"Gulliver's Travels" is an amusing book.

● Nouns always in plural --> Verb (plural)

Cattle, people, police, scissors, pliers, tongs, trousers, pants, shorts, jeans, glasses, goods, compasses...

Cattle are grazing.

● Adjectives used as nouns --> Verb (plural)

The blind (người mù), the rich (người giàu) ....

The English are used to driving on the left. 

(Người Anh quen lái xe bên trái)

● Collective Noun --> Verb (singular) nếu chỉ 1 đơn vị 

Collective Noun --> Verb (plural) nếu chỉ từng cá nhân.

Collective noun : Family, commitee, team, crowd, public, congress, parliarment, class, army.

His family is rich. (chỉ 1 đơn vị)

His family are having dinner. (chỉ từng cá nhân)

● Relative Pronoun --> Verb (singular) or (plural) tùy thuộc vào danh từ nó thay thế.

It is I who am to go.

Bài tập: Lựa chọn dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:

1. John, along with twenty friends, (is/are) planning a party.

2. The picture of the soldiers (bring/brings) back many memories.

3. The quality of this recordings (is/are) not very good.

4. The effects of cigarette smoking (have/has) been proven to be extremely harmful.

5. The use of credit cards in place of cash (have/has) increased rapidly in recent years.

6. Neither Bill nor Mary (is/are) going to the play tonight.

7. Anything (is/are) better than going to another movie tonight.

8. A number of reporters (was/were) at the conference yesterday.

9. Your glasses (was/were) on the bureau last night.

10. The committee (has/have) already reached a decision.

11. Each student (has/have) answered the first three questions.

12. The crowd at the basketball game (was/were) wild with excitement.

Xem đáp án

1. is 

2. brings 

3. is 

4. have

5. has 

6. is 

7. is 

8. were 

9. were 

10. has 

11. has 

12. was